Tuesday, 09-Aug-2022 01:40:05 GMT
Arachnids and Myriapods of the Marshall Islands
Contents:
Order Scorpionida (scorpions)
Order Pseudoscopionida (pseudoscorpions)
Order Araneae (spiders)
Family Araneidae (orb weavers)
Family Clubionidae (sac spiders)
Family Dipluridae (funnelweb mygalomorphs)
Family Eusparassidae or Heterropodidae (giant crab spiders)
Family Micryphantidae (dwarf spiders)
Family Oonopidae (oonopids)
Family Pholcidae (daddy-long-legs spiders)
Family Salticidae (jumping spiders)
Family Scytodidae (spitting spiders)
Family Tetragnathidae (tetragnathids)
Family Theridiidae (cobweb spiders, combfooted spiders)
Family Gamasida or Mesostigmata (mesostigmatid mites, macrochelids)
Family Argasidae?
Family Ixodidae or Metastigmatae (ticks)
Family Dermanyssidae
Family Actineidida (Prostigmata, Erythraeidae)
Family Tetranychidae
Order Myriapoda
Family Chelopodae (centipede)
Family Diplopodae (millepedes)
REFERENCES
Order Scorpionida (scorpions)
Scientific name: Buthus brevicaudatus
English name: short-tailed scorpion
Marshallese name: madepep
Status or range: Pacific
Scientific name: Hormurus australasiae
English name: Australian scorpion
Marshallese name: madepep
Status or range: Pacific, China to Australia
Scientific name: Isometrus maculatus
English name: spotted scorpion
Marshallese name: madepep
Status or range: introduced, cosmotropical in dwellings
Order Pseudoscopionida (pseudoscorpions)
Scientific name: Chelifer cancroides
English name: house pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: worldwide
Scientific name: Garypus ornatus
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: endemic, Bikini
Scientific name: Haplochernes insulanus
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Scientific name: Lechytia sakagamii
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: endemic, Marshalls, Caroline Atolls, Marcus
Scientific name: Nesidiochernes maculatus
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: endemic, Marshalls, Kosrae
Scientific name: Oratemnus samoanus whartoni
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: endemic. Enewetak, Western Carolines, Okinawa
Scientific name: Xenolpium oceanicum latum
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: endemic, Lae, Ujae, Utdrik
Scientific name: pseudoscorpion sp.
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Scientific name: pseudoscorpion sp.
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Scientific name: pseudoscorpion sp.
English name: pseudoscorpion
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Order Opiliones (harvestmen, daddy-long-legs)
Scientific name: Zalmoxis solitaria
English name: harvestman
Marshallese name: kaulalo?
Status or range: endemic, Jaluit, Pohnpei
Order Araneae (spiders)
Family Araneidae (orb weavers)
Scientific name: Araneus theis
English name: garden spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: widespread
Scientific name: ?Argiope sp.
English name: argiope spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: web with criss-cross bands
Scientific name: Neoscona theisa
English name: jumping spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Family Clubionidae (sac spiders)
Scientific name: Chiracanthium diversum
English name: sac spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: widespread
Family Dipluridae (funnelweb mygalomorphs)
Scientific name: Masteria hirsuta
English name: mygalomorph spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: Oceania
Family Eusparassidae or Heterropodidae (giant crab spiders)
Scientific name: Heteropoda venatoria
English name: huntman spider, banana spider
Marshallese name: kurkurbale, kuruble, kaulalo
Status or range: cosmotropical
Family Micryphantidae (dwarf spiders)
Scientific name: Erigone sp.
English name: dwarf spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Family Oonopidae (oonopids)
Scientific name: Opopaea faveolata
English name: ?
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: Oceania
Scientific name: Opopaea lena
English name: ?
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Family Pholcidae (daddy-long-legs spiders)
Scientific name: Smeringopus elongatus
English name: daddy-long-legs spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: widespread
Family Salticidae (jumping spiders)
Scientific name: Flacillula minuta
English name: jumping spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: widespread
Scientific name: Menemerus bivittatus
English name: jumping spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: cosmotropical, buildings
Scientific name: Vitia albipalpis
English name: jumping spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: widespread
Family Scytodidae (spitting spiders)
Scientific name: Scytodes stratipes
English name: spitting spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: Oceania, in bunchgrass, in Pisonia
Family Tetragnathidae (tetragnathids)
Scientific name: Leucaugae (granulata?)
English name: orchard spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Family Theridiidae (cobweb spiders, combfooted spiders)
Scientific name: Latrodectus geometricus
English name: brown widow spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: cosinoiropical, poisonous but less likely to bite than other widow spiders
Scientific name: Latrodectus mactans?
English name: black widow spider
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: cosmopolitan
Scientific name: Theridion rufipes
English name: ?
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: cosmotropical, buildings
Scientific name: cobweb spider sp.
English name: ?
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: ?
Scientific name: cobweb spider sp.
English name: ?
Marshallese name: kaulalo
Status or range: ?
Order Acari (mites, ticks)
Family Gamasida or Mesostigmata (mesostigmatid mites, macrochelids)
Scientific name: Glyphtolaspis asperrima
English name: ?
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: Java, Palau, Marshalls
Scientific name: Laelaps echidnina
English name: rat mite
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: cosmopolitan
Scientific name: Laelaps nattalli
English name: rat mite
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: cosmopolitan
Scientific name: Ornithonyssus bacoti
English name: rat mite
Marshallese name: (NNK")
Status or range: cosmopolitan
Scientific name: Ornithonyssus sp.
English name: ?
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Family Argasidae?
Scientific name: Sarcoptes scabiei
English name: scabies itch mite
Marshallese name: karko
Status or range: cosmopolitan, human parasite
Family Ixodidae or Metastigmatae (ticks)
Scientific name: Ornithodoros capensis
English name: noddy tern tick
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: oceanic islands
Scientific name: Rhipicephalus sanguineus
English name: brown dog tick
Marshallese name: kij in kiru
Status or range: cosmopolitan
Family Dermanyssidae
Scientific name: Orthionyssus sp.
English name: ?
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Family Actineidida (Prostigmata, Erythraeidae)
Scientific name: Balaustrium sp.
English name: ?
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Scientific name: Calorema sp.
English name: ?
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Family Tetranychidae
Scientific name: Tetranychus cinnabarinus
English name: ?
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Scientific name: Tetranychus timidus
English name: ?
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Scientific name: Tetranychus sp.
English name: spider mite
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: agricultural pest
Order Myriapoda
Family Chelopodae (centipede)
Scientific name: Scolopendra maritans
English name: centipede
Marshallese name: eiae, noknej
Status or range: cosmopolitan
Scientific name: centipede sp.
English name: centipede
Marshallese name: eiae, noknej
Status or range: recent introduction, painful bite
Family Diplopodae (millepedes)
Scientific name: Oxidus gracilis
English name: millepede
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: Pacific, easily transported in soil through commerce
Scientific name: Polyxenus sp.
English name: millepede
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
Scientific name: Trigonoiulus sp.
English name: millepede
Marshallese name: ?
Status or range: ?
REFERENCES
Abo, Takaji, Byron W. Bender, Alfred Capelle, and Tony DeBrum 1985. Marshallese-English Dictionary, third edition. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu, Hawaii
Bryan, E. H. Jr.. 1972. Marshall Islands Insects, in: Life in the Marshall Islands. Bernice P. Biship Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii
Cloudsley-Thompson, J, L. 1968. Spiders, Scorpions, Centipedes and Mites. Pergamon Press, Oxford, England
Fichter, George S. 1966. Insect Pests. Golden Press, New York, New York
Levi, Herbert W. and Lorna R. Levi, 1968. A Guide to Spiders and their Kin. Golden Press, New York, New York
Little, V. A., 1972. General and Applied Entomology. Harper & Row Publishers, New York, New York
Marshall, Joe T, Jr, 1950. Vertebrate Ecology of Arno Atoll. Atoll Research Bulletin, No. 3, pp. 1 - 38
Nafus, Donald M. 1996. An insect Survey of the Marshall Islands. Technical Paper, No. 208, South Pacific Commission, Noumea, New Caledonia
Sachet, Marie-Helene 1953. Scorpions on Coral Atolls. Atoll Research Bulletin, No- 26, pp. 1 - 7
Samuelson, G. Alien and Gordon M. Nishida 1987. Insects and Allies (Arthropoda) of Enewetak Atoll, pp. 147 -178. in Devaney,
Dennis A., Ernst S. Reese, Beatrice L. Burch, and Philip Helfrich (eds.). The Natural History of Enewetak Atoll, Volume II, Biogeography and Systematics. United States Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.
Sugarman, Bernard B. 1979. Additions to the List of Insects and Other Arthropods from Kwajalein Atoll (Marshall Islands). Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society, Vol. XIII, No. 1
Usinger, R. L and Ira La Rivers 1953. The Insect Life of Arno. Atoll Research Bulletin, No. 15, pp. 1 - 28