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Arachnids and Myriapods of the Marshall IslandsContents:  Order Scorpionida (scorpions)Order Pseudoscopionida (pseudoscorpions)Order Araneae (spiders)Family Araneidae (orb weavers)Family Clubionidae (sac spiders)Family Dipluridae (funnelweb mygalomorphs)Family Eusparassidae or Heterropodidae (giant crab spiders)Family Micryphantidae (dwarf spiders)Family Oonopidae (oonopids)Family Pholcidae (daddy-long-legs spiders)Family Salticidae (jumping spiders)Family Scytodidae (spitting spiders)Family Tetragnathidae (tetragnathids)Family Theridiidae (cobweb spiders, combfooted spiders)Family Gamasida or Mesostigmata (mesostigmatid mites, macrochelids)Family Argasidae?Family Ixodidae or Metastigmatae (ticks)Family DermanyssidaeFamily Actineidida (Prostigmata, Erythraeidae)Family TetranychidaeOrder MyriapodaFamily Chelopodae (centipede)Family Diplopodae (millepedes)REFERENCESOrder Scorpionida (scorpions) Scientific name: Buthus brevicaudatus English name: short-tailed scorpion Marshallese name: madepep Status or range: Pacific Scientific name: Hormurus australasiae English name: Australian scorpion Marshallese name: madepep Status or range: Pacific, China to Australia Scientific name: Isometrus maculatus English name: spotted scorpion Marshallese name: madepep Status or range: introduced, cosmotropical in dwellings Order Pseudoscopionida (pseudoscorpions)  Scientific name: Chelifer cancroides English name: house pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: worldwide Scientific name: Garypus ornatus English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: endemic, Bikini Scientific name: Haplochernes insulanus English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Scientific name: Lechytia sakagamii English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: endemic, Marshalls, Caroline Atolls, Marcus Scientific name: Nesidiochernes maculatus English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: endemic, Marshalls, Kosrae Scientific name: Oratemnus samoanus whartoni English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: endemic. Enewetak, Western Carolines, Okinawa Scientific name: Xenolpium oceanicum latum English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: endemic, Lae, Ujae, Utdrik Scientific name: pseudoscorpion sp. English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Scientific name: pseudoscorpion sp. English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Scientific name: pseudoscorpion sp. English name: pseudoscorpion Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Order Opiliones (harvestmen, daddy-long-legs) Scientific name: Zalmoxis solitaria English name: harvestman Marshallese name: kaulalo? Status or range: endemic, Jaluit, Pohnpei Order Araneae (spiders) Family Araneidae (orb weavers) Scientific name: Araneus theis English name: garden spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: widespread Scientific name: ?Argiope sp. English name: argiope spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: web with criss-cross bands Scientific name: Neoscona theisa English name: jumping spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Family Clubionidae (sac spiders) Scientific name: Chiracanthium diversum English name: sac spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: widespread Family Dipluridae (funnelweb mygalomorphs) Scientific name: Masteria hirsuta English name: mygalomorph spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: Oceania Family Eusparassidae or Heterropodidae (giant crab spiders) Scientific name: Heteropoda venatoria English name: huntman spider, banana spider Marshallese name: kurkurbale, kuruble, kaulalo Status or range: cosmotropical Family Micryphantidae (dwarf spiders) Scientific name: Erigone sp. English name: dwarf spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Family Oonopidae (oonopids) Scientific name: Opopaea faveolata English name: ? Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: Oceania Scientific name: Opopaea lena English name: ? Marshallese name: kaulalo Family Pholcidae (daddy-long-legs spiders) Scientific name: Smeringopus elongatus English name: daddy-long-legs spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: widespread Family Salticidae (jumping spiders) Scientific name: Flacillula minuta English name: jumping spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: widespread Scientific name: Menemerus bivittatus English name: jumping spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: cosmotropical, buildings Scientific name: Vitia albipalpis English name: jumping spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: widespread Family Scytodidae (spitting spiders) Scientific name: Scytodes stratipes English name: spitting spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: Oceania, in bunchgrass, in Pisonia Family Tetragnathidae (tetragnathids) Scientific name: Leucaugae (granulata?) English name: orchard spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Family Theridiidae (cobweb spiders, combfooted spiders) Scientific name: Latrodectus geometricus English name: brown widow spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: cosinoiropical, poisonous but less likely to bite than other widow spiders Scientific name: Latrodectus mactans? English name: black widow spider Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: cosmopolitan Scientific name: Theridion rufipes English name: ? Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: cosmotropical, buildings Scientific name: cobweb spider sp. English name: ? Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: ? Scientific name: cobweb spider sp. English name: ? Marshallese name: kaulalo Status or range: ? Order Acari (mites, ticks) Family Gamasida or Mesostigmata (mesostigmatid mites, macrochelids) Scientific name: Glyphtolaspis asperrima English name: ? Marshallese name: ? Status or range: Java, Palau, Marshalls Scientific name: Laelaps echidnina English name: rat mite Marshallese name: ? Status or range: cosmopolitan Scientific name: Laelaps nattalli English name: rat mite Marshallese name: ? Status or range: cosmopolitan Scientific name: Ornithonyssus bacoti English name: rat mite Marshallese name: (NNK") Status or range: cosmopolitan Scientific name: Ornithonyssus sp. English name: ? Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Family Argasidae? Scientific name: Sarcoptes scabiei English name: scabies itch mite Marshallese name: karko Status or range: cosmopolitan, human parasite Family Ixodidae or Metastigmatae (ticks) Scientific name: Ornithodoros capensis English name: noddy tern tick Marshallese name: ? Status or range: oceanic islands Scientific name: Rhipicephalus sanguineus English name: brown dog tick Marshallese name: kij in kiru Status or range: cosmopolitan Family Dermanyssidae Scientific name: Orthionyssus sp. English name: ? Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Family Actineidida (Prostigmata, Erythraeidae) Scientific name: Balaustrium sp. English name: ? Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Scientific name: Calorema sp. English name: ? Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Family Tetranychidae Scientific name: Tetranychus cinnabarinus English name: ? Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Scientific name: Tetranychus timidus English name: ? Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Scientific name: Tetranychus sp. English name: spider mite Marshallese name: ? Status or range: agricultural pest Order Myriapoda Family Chelopodae (centipede) Scientific name: Scolopendra maritans English name: centipede Marshallese name: eiae, noknej Status or range: cosmopolitan Scientific name: centipede sp. English name: centipede Marshallese name: eiae, noknej Status or range: recent introduction, painful bite Family Diplopodae (millepedes) Scientific name: Oxidus gracilis English name: millepede Marshallese name: ? Status or range: Pacific, easily transported in soil through commerce Scientific name: Polyxenus sp. English name: millepede Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? Scientific name: Trigonoiulus sp. English name: millepede Marshallese name: ? Status or range: ? REFERENCES Abo, Takaji, Byron W. Bender, Alfred Capelle, and Tony DeBrum 1985. Marshallese-English Dictionary, third edition. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu, Hawaii Bryan, E. H. Jr.. 1972. Marshall Islands Insects, in: Life in the Marshall Islands. Bernice P. Biship Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii Cloudsley-Thompson, J, L. 1968. Spiders, Scorpions, Centipedes and Mites. Pergamon Press, Oxford, England Fichter, George S. 1966. Insect Pests. Golden Press, New York, New York Levi, Herbert W. and Lorna R. Levi, 1968. A Guide to Spiders and their Kin. Golden Press, New York, New York Little, V. A., 1972. General and Applied Entomology. Harper & Row Publishers, New York, New York Marshall, Joe T, Jr, 1950. Vertebrate Ecology of Arno Atoll. Atoll Research Bulletin, No. 3, pp. 1 - 38 Nafus, Donald M. 1996. An insect Survey of the Marshall Islands. Technical Paper, No. 208, South Pacific Commission, Noumea, New Caledonia Sachet, Marie-Helene 1953. Scorpions on Coral Atolls. Atoll Research Bulletin, No- 26, pp. 1 - 7 Samuelson, G. Alien and Gordon M. Nishida 1987. Insects and Allies (Arthropoda) of Enewetak Atoll, pp. 147 -178. in Devaney, Dennis A., Ernst S. Reese, Beatrice L. Burch, and Philip Helfrich (eds.). The Natural History of Enewetak Atoll, Volume II, Biogeography and Systematics. United States Department of Energy, Washington, D.C. Sugarman, Bernard B. 1979. Additions to the List of Insects and Other Arthropods from Kwajalein Atoll (Marshall Islands). Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society, Vol. XIII, No. 1 Usinger, R. L and Ira La Rivers 1953. The Insect Life of Arno. Atoll Research Bulletin, No. 15, pp. 1 - 28 |
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